A History Of Literacy Reading And Writing Essay

Libby McDougald Professor Kelli O’Brien English 1010 27 September 2015 A History of Literacy Reading and writing have been in our lives and around our lives ever since the beginning of time. It is something we are naturally born into. Almost every human being has performed some type of reading or writing, whether they live in the big city, or whether they live in the woods. They have all performed some form of reading or writing in their life. It is human nature. We are born into it. I have many memories of reading and writing, though I may not be very fond of it when it concerns schoolwork, it is something I have naturally adjusted to and it somehow has made me, and probably everyone else around me as well, who we are today. I have memories of using literacy all the way back to when I was a toddler to now. Reading and writing always came easy to me as little kid from what I can remember. My earliest memories of reading would be from when I was very young, possibly still a toddler or a tad bit older. Every night before bed, my mom and I would sit in my bed, she would read to me. We read Bible stories from the children’s Bible, Goodnight Moon, Cat in the Hat and many other children’s books. That was my favorite part about bedtime when I was little. Although she was reading to me, and all I was doing was listening and wanting to look at the pictures, her reading to me every night was a huge influence for me and was what made me want to learn how to read. I would withoutShow MoreRelatedMy Personal Experience With Literacy1587 Words   |  7 PagesLiteracy is defined as being literate, that is, being able to read and write in a language. My personal experience with literacy began at an early age, at the age of 4 when I began to sit and read words and letters in the back of my mother’s car. Soon enough, she would bring me a magazine called â€Å"Majed† which, in the 90’s, was a popular magazine. With this, I began even more interested in reading and writing and reviewed every word in the magazine associated with each of the short pictured storiesRead MoreThe Idea Of Sponsors Of Literacy908 Words   |  4 Pages The idea of Sponsors of Literacy was originally proposed by Deborah Brandt in her 1998 article, â€Å"Sponsors of Literacy.† In her article, she argued that Sponsors of Literacy include people, institutions, and circumstances; they vary based on the person’s experiences and surroundings. Sponsors of literacy are essential in everyone’s life due to the powerful role they demonstrate on the long run. In my own reading and writing experience, my sponsors of literacy were my childhood memories, my schoolRead MoreEssay on The Aim and Importance of Literacy and Numeracy1037 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿The aim and importance of Literacy and Numeracy. 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Literacy components such as phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocaburlary, comprehension, motivation, and assessment will be incorporated into the art unit, developingRead MoreWriting And Reading : A Journey Of Many Words1423 Words   |  6 PagesMelissa Young English 1010-301 Honors 15 September 2014 Writing and Reading: A Journey of Many Words It was the night of August second. We pull into the well-lit parking lot of Barnes and Noble. My younger sister and I jump out of the barely parked car and run to the door of our little safe haven. It is the place I love to be, sitting on the carpeted floor in front of shelves of alphabetized young adult novels. As I sit there, I scan the books for the next story I can escape into. A story that willRead MoreTeaching Literacy Strategies For Developing Literacy974 Words   |  4 PagesLiteracy instruction should provide students with a variety of opportunities to read, write, listen, and speak. Getting to know my students is extremely important to me because I believe students’ interests need to be considered when developing literacy lessons. It also helps when choosing books to read aloud to the class and when choosing books for the class library. I believe in scaffolding my lessons and using the different strategies that we learned about in class. I will use many of the strategiesRead MoreWriting And Reading : A Journey Of Many Words1418 Words   |  6 PagesWriting and Reading: A Journey of Many Words It was the night of August second. We pull into the well-lit parking lot of Barnes and Noble. My younger sister and I jump out of the barely parked car and run to the door of our little safe haven. It is the place I love to be, sitting on the carpeted floor in front of shelves of alphabetized young adult novels. As I sit there, I scan the books for the next story I can escape into. A story that will help me shut the rest of the world out for a coupleRead Moreâ€Å"Writing to Learn† in a Math Classroom Essay889 Words   |  4 PagesTheory of â€Å"Write to Learn† Reading and writing are the basis of the original meaning of literacy. This definition, however, changed over time and culture. The term has expanded to include computer literacy, digital literacy, information literacy, health literacy, etc. (Vacca, Vacca, Mraz, 2011). Nevertheless, the most important change to the term literacy is expanding the use of reading and writing. Literacy is defined as understanding, thinking and practicing the use of language in differentRead MoreReflection Paper About Literacy1154 Words   |  5 Pagesto literacy, to reach the reader and writer I am today I had to work hard throughout my academic career, mainly in elementary, middle, and high school. After preschool, elementary school seemed like a six year old’s paradise, but that dream quickly crumbled as I learned that school included more than just recess. Fortunately, once I overcame the initial disappointment, elementary school proved to be the most crucial time for my literacy. The teachers helped their students dive into reading throughRead MoreUsing Five Metaphors For Identity Essay1443 Words   |  6 PagesElements of literacy, such as metaphors, are a practical tool to find different perspectives and personal identity. The authors of the research called â€Å"Literacy and Identity: Examining the Metaphors in History and Contemporary Research† review various ways of conceptualizing identity by using five metaphors for identity documented in the identity literature: identity as (1) difference, (2) sense of self/subjectivity, (3) mind or consciousness, (4) narrative, and (5) position. This research was really

Hate Crime A Crime Based On Those Matter - 1495 Words

When someone hears the words â€Å"hate crime† they get a goosebumps type of feeling. Reason because the thought of committing a crime based on certain aspects that one might not agree with is seen as absurd. In the dictionary the word hate crime is defined as â€Å"a crime motivated by racial, sexual, or other prejudice, typically one involving violence.† This definition makes us think that why would anyone commit a crime based on those matter? Do they bother someone that much that someone is a different race, a different sexuality or even a different religion? Hate Crimes have been around since the ancient civilization. For example the Roman Empire, persecuted many religious groups. Christianity was largely tolerated by the emperor during that time, but when an incident occur and destroyed most of Rome. The Emperor felt guilty, so he decided to blame the Christians instead and called for anyone who followed the religion to be punished. This stared the hate crimes towards Christians and other people from different religions. The term hate crime became more common after the end of World War II and the end of what most called racial cleansing, meaning the removal of minorities from a certain location. Also the term is used when it deals with a current issue that fits all the components of what people see as a hate crime. Many current issues that are seen as a hate crime or thought of as one have the discussion what a hate crime really is. The government set a law that would have helpShow MoreRelatedHate Crimes in New Jersey Essay examples1310 Words   |  6 PagesHate Crimes in New Jersey ...Until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream. These powerful words were uttered by Martin Luther King in the midst of the racial unrest in the 1960s. During this time period many people of the black race were affected with discrimination of all sorts. Now-a-days, crimes once driven solely by hatred for ones race now stem from opposition to ones religion, gender, disability, or sexual orientation. In a study done in 2009 by findthedataRead MoreThe Fight Against Hate1268 Words   |  6 Pagesattacks sent outrage throughout the country and inspired tougher punishments against hate crimes. (A hate crime is any crime that is committed due to a bias towards a particular group of people.) Currently, forty states and the District of Columbia have passed hate crime laws. Those laws ban any crime connected to bias based on gender, race, origin, sexual orientation, disability, or religion. Only nineteen of those states, however, have laws that include gender, twenty have laws protecting the disabledRead MoreHate Crime in the United States of America1698 Words   |  7 PagesHate Crime in the United States of America THESIS: In this research paper, information will be given on hate crime in the United States of America. It’s best to know about these types of crimes before it’s too late because it’s rarely reported or spoken about but does occur on regular bases. Hate crime didnt come about until the early 1980s. Its sad how these types of crimes still occur so many years later; there are innocent people who are attacked simply because of their race, religionRead MoreEssay on Hate Crime Analysis1420 Words   |  6 PagesHate Crime Analysis Kim Hull CJA/540 Criminological Theory October 13, 2011 Facilitator David Mailloux CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I  certify that  the attached  paper is my original work. I am familiar with, and acknowledge my responsibilities which are part of, the University of Phoenix Student Code of Academic Integrity. I affirm that any section of the paper which has been submitted previously is attributed and cited as such, and that this paper has not been submitted by anyone else.  I haveRead MoreRacial Hate Crimes1722 Words   |  7 Pageslot of hate crimes going on in the world today, It’s being highly debated as to whether or not hate crimes should be legislated against. â€Å"Hate Crimes† are referred to as criminal acts against a person, group, or property due to one’s race, religion, gender or sexual orientation. (Civil Rights-Hate Crimes-Overview), an individual who experiences a hate crime may be threatened, harassed, physically harmed, or killed. To ensure that protection laws have been established by society against those who commitRead MoreThe Reasons behind Homosexual Discrimination1214 Words   |  5 Pages One of the greatest poets of the twentieth century, Dr Seuss, once said, Be who you are and say what you feel, because those who mind dont matter and those who matter dont mind. Essentially, this advice is applicable to any given individual, yet it seems that it is most suitable for homosexuals, and therefore why it lies within the heart of gay rights. It is inevitable, that as a minority group, homosexuals will find that they will encounter more people who â€Å"mind† than heterosexualsRead MoreLGBT Hate Crimes and Suicidality Among a Population-Bases Sample of Sexual-Minority Adolescents in Boston1365 Words   |  6 PagesTransgender Hate Crimes and Suicidality Among a Population-Based Sample of Sexual-Minority Adolescents in Boston Until 1973, the American Psychiatric Association regarded the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) community as consisting of sociopathic individuals with personality disorders. Today, the stigma has lifted off of these individuals and relationships among the LGBTs are no longer crimes in the US and many other countries; however, select individuals have now taken matters into theirRead MoreHate Crime Essay1268 Words   |  6 PagesIn the United States, hate crimes have been the longest of many crimes that are committed. What is a hate crime? A hate crime is a criminal offense that is committed against an individual, a group, or a property, largely due to their; race, gender, sexuality, religious, and the list goes on and on. A hate crime is the act of aggression that goes against the individual, group, or society. Examples include; assault and battery, vandalism, and threats. Hate crimes are the most damaging, they attackRead MoreHate Crime Essay1660 Words   |  7 PagesThe term hate crime developed in the early 1980s by reporters and government officials such as John Conyers and Mario Biaggi. Even though the interest of hate crimes has increased in recent developments, it has deep historic roots that dates back into time. Statistics of U.S. history has shown that assaults, murders, and acts of vandalism has stemmed from hatred. The first hate crime victims were Native Americans and since then almost all U.S. immigrants have been exposed to violence, discriminationRead MoreThe Symbolic Interactionalism Theory Of Hate Crime1347 Words   |  6 PagesHate crimes are difficult to fathom, primarily because they involve the unprovoked physical attacking and, sometimes, murder of people based on race and ethnicity. A more formal definition of hate crimes is presented by Shepard (2017, p. 285). As he writes, â€Å"a hate crime is a criminal act that is motivated by extreme prejudice,† This is a very good, concise and accurate definition, nevertheless, hate crimes are not the outcome of unimaginable heights of discrimination. Most people have prejudices

How French Has Influenced Old English Free Essays

How French Has Influenced  English William the Conqueror won the Battle of Hastings in 1066 and for the next three centuries, all the kings of England spoke French. During the Norman occupation, about 10,000 French words were adopted into English, some three-fourths of which are still in use today. This French vocabulary is found in every domain, from government and law to art and literature. We will write a custom essay sample on How French Has Influenced Old English or any similar topic only for you Order Now Robert of Gloucester (Robert Fitzroy, 1st Earl of Gloucester (before 1100 – 31 October 1147) was an illegitimate son of King Henry I of England) wrote in his chronicle: â€Å"Vor bote a man conne frenss me hel? of him lute†, meaning â€Å"Unless a man know French, one counts of him little†, hence French became the language of a superior social class. French dialects influenced English also. Today we have chase, guardian, guarantee and regard from Central French (or Francien), side by side with catch, warden, warrant and reward from Norman French. The present-day vocabulary of English is approximately half Germanic (English and Scandinavian) and half Romance (French and Latin). The two types are strangely blended. Whereas some titles of nobility prince, peer, duke, duchess, marquis, marchioness, viscount, viscountess and baron are French, the names of the highest rulers, King and Queen, are English. There is still used R. S. V. P. (Repondez s`il vous plait) printed on invitation cards or Messrs (for Messieurs) in everyday correspondence. Parliament, meaning `speaking, conference`, is French, but Speaker, the title of the First Commoner, is English. Town, hall, house and home are English, but city, village, palace, mansion, residence and domicile are French. French, too, are chamber and apartment, whereas room and bower are English; justice, just, judge, jury and juridical are all French, as well as court, assize, prison, bill, act, council, tax, custom, mayor, chattel, money and rent, which all came into the language before the close of the thirteenth century. The names of the live animals: ox, swine and calf are English, whereas those of the cooked meats beef, pork and veal are French. The superiority of French cooking is demonstrated by culinary terms as: boil, broil, fry, grill, roast, souse and toast. Breakfast is English, but dinner and supper are French. Hunt is English, but chase, quarry, scent and track are French. Names of the older crafts are English: baker, fisherman, miller, saddler, builder, shepherd, shoemaker, wainwright, weaver and webber. Those of more elegant occupations are French: carpenter, draper, joiner, mason and tailor. The names of the commoner parts of the human body are English, but face and voice are French. Generally the English words are stronger, more physical and more human. We feel more at ease after getting a hearty welcome than after being granted a cordial reception. We can compare as well freedom with liberty, friendship with amity, kingship with royalty, holiness with sanctity, happiness with felicity, depth with profundity, and love with charity. How to cite How French Has Influenced Old English, Papers

Hamlets Delay with Revenge Essay Example For Students

Hamlets Delay with Revenge Essay Delay stalked Hamlet and his scheme to murder his rival, uncle, and deemed father, Claudius. Hamlets visiting with the ghost in Act I, Scene V, included multiple challenges and tasks applied to Hamlet by the ghost. Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder. Hamlet vows a fast and swift revenge, however encounters experiences and ways that delay his destiny to avenge his fathers death. In the end, Hamlet fulfills his goal and takes revenge on his fathers death and murder.Hamlets character shows much discouragement, earnestness, and sensitivity towards his new found sorrows. Being a religious man, Hamlet forsakes the plan too kill himself for reasons of confusion, guilt, and terror towards suicide. He instead removes this idea and the worries about his fathers death, his mothers quick marriage, and his uncles robbing of his mother and the crown. For his new father all he must say to describe his juxtaposed thoughts is A little more than kin, and less than kind.(I, ii, 64). And of course Hamlet cannot match his peer-rivals Laertes and Fortinbras in the area of killing. He is too much involved in lucid Owad 2thoughts too find will to kill. In Acts II and III, critics argue, two months have passed from the death of the king. Hamlet finds himself involved in plotting a play. He had been brooding for two months thus far. He designs the actors speak the verses directly to the King, Claudius. This action by Hamlet serves him well, the play mimicking the lives of the royal family, and Claudius is greeted with guilt and solemn grief. How smart a lash that speech doth give my conscience!(III,1,49) He flees to a place of worship and repents. O heavy burden!(III,1,54) Hamlet conveys this and halts on his terms of revenge on him. Hamlet then goes and speaks with his mother, for she has summoned him. He then kills Polonius being mistaken for Claudius. How now ? A rat? Dead for a ducat,/dead!(III,iv,24-25) This further dampens Hamlets plans. In Act IV Hamlet is now sent away to England by the king. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern have taken up the job of seeing that he makes it there. Hamlet intercepts a message that orders his death and plans the deaths of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. These courses of actions have set back Hamlet indefinitely. Hamlet succeeds in Act V after he returns to Denmark. The king and Laertes, whose sister just had just parished, have plotted a mission to kill Hamlet once and for all. Hamlet realizes unfair play, yet he accepts the challenge of the duel between himself and Laertes. Including the fact that Hamlet has no plan in Owad 3The anticipation of the duel. The plot of the story thickens here. Gertrude is deceased, because of the poison meant for Hamlet. Both Laertes and Hamlet have been struck by the poison foil. Realizing his own inevitable death, Hamlet thrusts the sword into Claudius and forces him to drink the poison wine. Here thou incestuous murdrous, damned Dane, /Drink off this potion. Is thy union here?/Follow my mother.(V,ii,326-339) Ultimately Hamlet has succeeded, however he had lost his life in the process of avenging his fathers death. Many factors had delayed Hamlet and his revenge on his fathers death. Yet in the conclusion of the play he finally succeeds in the task given to him by the ghost in Act I.

3 words role Essays - Oral Literature, Vocal Music, Circus

3 words role Fear, Sadness, and stress: These are the three words that describe what the animals are experienced in circus. Flash back: going to the circus with my parents having innocent look, How many of you ladies and gentlemen remember back in the day when you was a I was little kid as I did going to the circus with my family, watching the monkey acting silly with the clown, the next show you the tigers and the lion jumping in between fire rings, hearing that beautiful circus music, every body laughing, the overall attitude is entertaining. How many of you ladies and gentleman remember that moments beautiful moments ? yeah it is absolutely ** Relate to the audience but sadly that's not the reality the reality is sooo far from what our innocent thoughts have seen, reality is something bad, ugly, and I strongly believe that we as human being it is our duty to prevent the sufferings these animals and to speak on behalf of these voiceless creatures. Through this presentation I will share with you the reality of animal circus and what is happening in the dark corners of the circus A life far removed from home Relate to myself by using studying abroad and thanksgiving example Even though I know when I will I will see my family again, I know when I will have my next meal, and I am not stuck in a captive place I still feel bored and missing my family. What life are we putting these animals into ? some may say they don't have feelings, I wish that was the case. But unfortunately, according to psychology today Beaten into submission

The Socio Economic Impacts Of Gambling Tourism Essays

The Socio Economic Impacts Of Gambling Tourism Essays The Socio Economic Impacts Of Gambling Tourism Essay The Socio Economic Impacts Of Gambling Tourism Essay The purpose of this survey is to look into the degree of impacts the integrated resorts would hold on Singapore in footings of societal and economic. Due to altering tendencies in touristry, Singapore needed a new development in 2005 to revamp the slowly stagnating touristry industry. There are surveies that have shown many states are heading towards integrated resort development to hike their economic system. As development of incorporate resort would make occupations for its citizens, but there is a drawback on the societal factor as incorporate resorts looks towards holding a gaming constituent ( e.g. Casino ) as their chief gross beginning. In 18th April 2005, the Singapore authorities announced that they would let two casino Integrated Resort ( IR ) undertakings to be developed. Prior to this proclamation, the Singapore authorities had in topographic point 4 Acts of the Apostless ; the Betting Act ( Chapter 21 ) , Betting and Sweepstake Duties Act ( Chapter 22 ) , Common Gambling Houses Act ( Chapter 49 ) and Private Lotteries Act ( Chapter 250 ) which deemed all chancing activities to be illegal except charity draws, Toto, Singapore Sweep lotteries and the betting of Equus caballus races at the Singapore Turf Club. Background An overview of what is an Integrated Resort First with respects to the survey, a clear apprehension of what is an Integrated Resort has to be distinguished. Integrated Resorts could really good be defined as Wall ( 1997, cited in Nunkoo A ; Ramkissoon, 2010 ) mentioned an effort to supply a carefully planned, controlled and good defined touristry merchandise. In an integrated resort a broad scope and a good assorted list of installations for invitee and tourer can be found within the belongings. This can include diggingss, recreational installations, event installations and even bet oning installations. Andriotis ( 2008 ) discussed in his academic diary with respects to the development of incorporate resort and mentioned that Many authoritiess have encouraged integrated resort development in an effort to better the wellbeing of the local population by bring forthing occupations and increasing income. With this point being mentioned, it shows that determination in development of the integrated resort would be good to the economic system and the societal standings within the state. So what contributes to the economic system and societal standings of a state? The economic system standings of a state could be measured by the employment rate of the citizens and the mean disbursement power of the person, as for the degree of the societal standings of a state, it would be measured by the literacy rate, equality intervention of races and An overview of what is socio-economic impact In pre World War 2 period, the survey of economic sciences and sociology has neer crossed. There were clear differentiations between both constructs and it was mentioned by Keizer ( 2005 ) that it was merely in the period after World War 2 that economic science constructs has been used to turn to traditionally non-economic countries which was defined by some as Economic Imperialism . However Keizer ( 2005 ) besides did mentioned that there was a transition from Economic Imperialism to Sociological Imperialism which was the application of sociological attack to the economic system and market behavior in the past 15 old ages. But Keizer ( 2005 ) concluded that Discernible action so is the consequence of the coincident working of the economic and the societal force. These forces are intertwined and can non be observed individually. There was besides indication by de Sismondi ( 1996, cited in Lutz, 2002 ) which mentioned a sort of economic ideas which is affected by the factors o f societal well-being, the distribution of incomes and the advisability of province intercession into the market mechanism. An overview of the Singapore Government s attack to Integrated Resorts In December 2004, the Singapore Government issued a Request for Concept ( RFC ) to interested investors for the development of an Integrated Resort ( IR ) with casino gambling. The chief consideration of the Singapore Government was to spread out the leisure and amusement options to heighten Singapore s repute as a high-end tourer s finish for both leisure and concern visitants as tourer figures had been on a diminution over the old ages. Along with the RFC there were footings and conditions that were in placed to safeguard the Singapore society. The chief purpose of the societal precautions is to undertake job gaming and to ease the possible impact on the Singapore households, societal values and work values. The Government developed a Casino and Gaming Regulatory Board with a set of rigorous international regulative criterions as a step against money laundering, illegal money-lending, licensing and the showing of operators and employees. With such steps in placed the Government hav e decided to let the development of the IR. Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong reference in his statement on the 18th of April 2005 at the parliament house: The issue is non whether we should let a casino to run in Singapore. If that was all, the authorities response is obvious. The existent issue is whether an economic investing consisting an overall tourer integrated investing undertaking running into one million millions of dollars should be disallowed because of a gaming constituent. With the completion of the IRs, there is a demand to research whether the economic factors are met and whether the societal precautions are able to soften the societal impact of the IRs. Purpose This survey will discourse the development of Integrated Resorts with a bet oning constituent in Singapore and besides a item analysis of societal reactions to the debut of chancing and the economic benefits through gross watercourses and employment in the Integrated Resorts in Singapore. Aim To analyze societal reactions to the debut of chancing To analyze the economic benefits through gross watercourses and employment To analyze the political argument in Singapore sing chancing Recommendation to the touristry industry of Singapore and for future research. Methodology For this survey an academic attack is used to beginning the societal impacts and the economic impacts that have been faced by the gambling industry precursors. The survey would include secondary resources that cover the beginning of the gambling industry which is in the Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America, what is faced by the authorities of the State of Nevada. The survey would be farther strengthened by a secondary survey on the issues of the gambling industry in the Asia Pacific part, which includes Macau and Australia. After the analysis of the secondary resources, there would be a comparing made towards the primary resources which consist of steps set by the Singaporean authorities prior to the development of the Integrated Resorts, the degree of investing to be made by the operators of the Integrated Resorts and the sum of employment to be created with such a development Chapter II: LITERATURE REVIEW Chapter OUTLINE In this chapter, the writer would wish to discourse the growing of bet oning touristry, the societal deductions of presenting bet oning touristry into a community or country. The writer would be discoursing the factors that could hold been a accelerator to the societal issues faced by Australia after the authorities introduced bet oning touristry. Another treatment would be how the policies of the authorities should be alteration on touristry after presenting gaming, mentioning illustrations from the instance of Australia. The writer would besides wish to discourse the economic impacts that the gaming touristry would convey to the community or country it is introduced to. Last the writer would wish to discourse the demand for authorities to alter their touristry policy when presenting bet oning constituents. Tourism AND THE SOCIAL IMPACTS OF GAMBLING Tourism can be classified into many signifier, one that has been faced with plentifulness of persecution from a societal point of view is Bet oning Tourism. Ever since 1931 the province of Nevada legalised chancing in a manner that it is synonymous with mass touristry, it had transformed the whole gambling industry. Till this twenty-four hours the growing of bet oning touristry has be phenomenal. But legalizing chancing surely has its costs. It has been noted that offense and pathological chancing tend to be higher in countries with casinos. In America the National Council for Problem Gambling estimates that 1 % of American grownups are pathological gamblers and another 2-3 % has jobs commanding their wont. Over in Britain an estimation 0.6 % of the population are believed to be job gamblers. A job gambler is a position associated with being in hapless wellness, individual, separated or divorced and holding fewer educational makings than others. Problem gamblers tend to be more likel y to be unemployed and have the inclination of commit offenses. Gambling has ever drawn resistance on moral evidences. One such resistance is Mr Taylor Branch a good known writer and historiographer is a acute protagonist of the Stop Predatory Gambling group. He argues that state-sponsored chancing such as lotteries and slot suites is a corruptness of democracy because it confuses citizens into believing they are traveling to acquire rich, but in existent fact they are traveling to be paying revenue enhancements. Other resistance positions besides mention that it encourages dependence. A high sum of gross from the slots and lotteries is contributed by frequent participants whom invariably dreams of acquiring something for nil. Resistance statements of the authorities actions like legalising, taxing and modulating chancing fuels dependence is similar to stating that the authorities encourage alcohol addiction where they besides legalise, apply revenue enhancements and modulate intoxicant ingestion. But it boils down to the persons involved, most persons are able to make things in moderateness but there are certain persons either wager excessively much or imbibe excessively much as it is the pick of the persons the authorities does non necessitate to do alterations to the policies with respects to the ordinances for chancing. Social Issues in Australia Another illustration of the rapid turning gambling industry would be from Australia, in the past two decades the growing of the industry has been unexpected and rapid. But along with the growing, it brought along a scope of impacts which affects both the societal and economic spectrum. Chiefly the impact could be seen within the societal impact spectrum, and the bulk of political arguments in Australia revolve around the chief point of job gaming within the society. A proper definition for job gaming that has be widely accepted within Australia would be the state of affairs when a individual s gaming activity gives rise to harm to the single participant, and/or to his or her household, and may widen into the community ( Australian Institute for Gambling Research, 1997 ) . In Australia, the Productivity Commission ( 1999 ) records that there is an about 2.1 per centum of Australian grownups are job gamblers which constitutes to a pool of about 290,000 grownups. But it was further categorised into either gamblers with moderate jobs in chancing or gamblers with terrible jobs in chancing. Gamblers with moderate jobs constitute about 1.1 per centum which stands for 160,000 Australian grownups and the gamblers with terrible jobs in chancing bases at 1 per centum which is tantamount to about 130,000 Australian grownups. As mentioned the impacts of job gaming could be widely dispersed, but if the impacts is focused on to the persons the effects faced by the person as stated by Lesieur ( 1996 ) are depression, insomnia, enteric upsets, anxiousness onslaughts, cardiac jobs, high blood force per unit area, megrims, self-destructive inclinations and other stress-related upsets as typical jobs in the more beforehand phases. He besides did mentioned that a gambler s household could besides bear the effects of job gaming, chiefly with the fiscal loads which may take to fewer household outgos, delinquent measures, public-service corporations cut off, properties repossessed or sold, in drastic instances household are left homeless. The partner of such persons would frequently be harassed by measure aggregators which may do them to see insomnia, stress-related jobs and suicide inclinations. Such injury and matching with the changeless prevarications and misrepresentation made by the job gambler would stack up and do matrimonial jobs, dysfunctional of the household and to the extent of kid maltreatment and disregard. But the job does non stop here ; it would besides take to impacting the persons workplace by invariably seeking progresss on wage cheque or even loans from work co-workers to fuel their gaming demands and desires. It may even take to condemnable degrees by perpetrating workss such as peculation from the company they work at or recognition fraud and many other white-collar offenses. Such affairs would take to condemnable justness or even bankruptcy costs ( Lesieur, 1996 ) . The authorities might present steps to assist the job gamblers and their affected households, but any steps introduced would be a cost incurred for the community. Taking in to account the Domino consequence of the impacts of such an industry, the Productivity Commission of Australia estimations that for each citizen with a gaming job there would be a lower limit of five other citizens that would be affected. Factors Influencing Social Impacts After sing the societal issues faced by the Australian authorities, the beginning of the issues can be categorised into four major driving forces. First there is a alteration in construing the term job gaming. Pathological, compulsive, habit-forming, inordinate and job gaming are footings used to depict frequent, uncontrolled chancing doing injury ( Caldwell, Young, Dickerson, A ; McMillen, 1988 ) . Although historically the behavior has been viewed chiefly as an single affliction related to a mental upset, an dependence, or inordinate behavior, more late it has been conceptualized as a behavior that leads to societal and single injury ( Australian Institute for Gambling Research, 1997 ) . This led to the community in Australia to foster develop a public wellness attack towards job gaming. Second would be the alteration in the authorities policy with respects to chancing. For the instance of Australia, the policy, ordinances and revenue enhancements for chancing are all the duties of the province authorities. Even though the general consensus of the authoritiess on chancing policy aims is to maximize gross and to understate the degree of societal impacts, guaranting merchandise unity and discouraging condemnable engagement ( Productivity Commission, 1999 ) . It is due to the prioritising of conflicting aims that influenced the surfacing of job gaming as a societal issue. For Australia the prioritization of maximising of economic returns over the minimising of societal impact has allowed market stimulation, enlargement and competition have characterized authorities policy on chancing since the 1970s ( McMillen, 1996 ) Third with the addition in enlargement and commercialisation of gaming, has caused the escalation of the gaming outgo in Australia, supplying strong returns to the gaming suppliers, such as casinos, hotels and nines ( Tasmanian Gaming Commission, 2002 ; Productivity Commission, 1999 ) . This has caused the suppliers to hold the expansionist mentality due to the nature of the gambling industry to be unfazed by the fluctuation of the economic system and the authorities policies. This causes the addition in the easiness of entree to chancing. With the increased in Numberss of chancing operations and the hardline selling deployed by the operators, it causes public concerns for chancing related jobs and there would be calls for the province authorities to step in to regulate the gaming suppliers to give a more socially responsible image to the populace. Last the force per unit area from the Economic Impact of Bet oning Tourism The phenomenon of the rapid growing of the Australian gambling industry, showed that there is a displacement in the authorities s gaming policy from community benefits to a more realistic economic focal point. Even though the casinos were deemed to be solutions to a deteriorating economic system, a shriveling revenue enhancement base and a hard unemployment quandary, though there are evident benefits to the Australian economic system, there were still really strong resistances from the members of the communities to the gap and enlargement of the gambling industry in a figure of legal powers, the resistance positions are chiefly based on the possible economic and societal cost that would be incurred by the gap of bet oning industry. In 2001, the entire outgo in Australian casinos was recorded at $ 2,543.3 million with the largest part of it, $ 945.7 million being spent in the province of Victoria ( Tasmanian Gaming Commission, 2002 ) . The mean net income border for a casino is about 3.4 per centum or equivalent to $ 93 million ( Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2000 ) . In add-on, casinos contribute to about $ 500.8 million in province and district revenue enhancements in 2001-2002 ( ACIL Consulting, 2002 ) . The foremost of the 13 legal casinos were established in the early 1970s in Tasmania and the Northern Territory. The economic systems of these two parts were developing and their authoritiess were trusting the constitutions of the casinos would assist regenerate them ( Australian Institute for Gaming Research, 1999 ; McMillen, 1995 ) . Both casinos can be considered subdued developments in a finish that can be considered as a distant location made to pull tourers and better the local economic activity. When the recession in Australia continued and sing the success of the two casinos, it prompted the other provinces of Australia to see developing casinos to excite the economic system. It sparked the following moving ridge of development within the Australian gambling industry in provinces such as Perth, the Gold Coast, Adelaide, Canberra, Townsville and Christmas Island. The mentioned provinces were happening agencies to interrupt away from the primary sectors of production and fabric ation and into the service and touristry sector for a encouragement in their economic growing. Revision of Tourism Policy Taking into considerations of the Chapter III: Primary Literature Chinese Culture and Gambling Abel ( 1997 ) stated that the popularity of chancing among the Chinese immigrants to North America and the laterality of Chinese at nightlong chancing operations shows that gambling is a interest for Chinese people in all parts of the universe. There besides have been surveies that indicated in the late 1800s, people in China and Hong Kong would chance for everything ( Galletti, 2002 ) . Further surveies have besides proven that the Chinese are a state of gamblers ( Abel, 1997 ; Nepstad, 2000 ) , who are of course higher hazard takers, quicker to follow new engineerings and more money focused ( Cullen, 2000 ) . Chinese participants has been indispensable been important to the gambling industry, there has even been an full gambling industry that has been created to provide merely the Chinese participants ( Casino City, 2002 ) because the gambling industry is witting of the importance of Chinese clients to the industry. Therefore, understanding elements of Chinese civilization can assist bring forth repetition visits for the casinos, Galletti ( 2002 ) even suggested that bet oning operators should put clip in set uping long-run relationships with such clients as a manner to maintain their concern. Among the Chinese communities, it is during the gay periods when the gaming activities are common. Therefore casinos consider the Chinese New Year as the best chancing weekend of the twelvemonth and it has been recorded that 1000s of Chinese travel to Las Vegas to observe and chance ( Galletti, 2002 ) Among the bet oning touristry finishs, Las Vegas and Australia are the precedence finishs for most of the Chinese gamblers. It was besides recorded that in Las Vegas 85 per centum of the high rollers comes from states like China, Taiwan and Japan ( ABC News, 2002 ) . Although the sum of visitants from Japan outnumbers the visitants from China, nevertheless the sum of money the Chinese visitants are willing to chance are pathetic greater than the mean outgo of the Nipponese at the casino. However in China, the authorities seems to be satisfied in directing its gamblers off to Macau alternatively of making a gaming industry within mainland China to protect the bulk of its citizens. It seems like the thought of doing the activity less accessible has been widely approved from the other states in Asia. , either it is by puting casinos in remote topographic points which is the instance in Cambodia, or the authorities charges their citizens an entry levy but allows aliens to come in free as the instance of Singapore. Chapter IV: Discussion A ; Conclusion Restrictions Recommendations Contemplations

How does leisure activity effect the elderly Research Paper

How does leisure activity effect the elderly - Research Paper Example In addition, it is indispensable for them to engage in physical exercises that keep their body fit and healthier. Due to their little capacity to cope with many stressful moments and issues, Sirven & Malamut (2008) argued that it is critical for the elderly to engage in leisure activities that would help them overcome some of these challenges. With many challenges facing people in the contemporary world, people get old when they have a burden of many issues revolving their health and economic problems. For instance, most people have got bad eating habits during their youth age. Gibson & Singleton (2012) noted that this is attributable to the lifestyle the youth engage in. First, with many hustles in the event of trying to earn a living, they lack time to consider preparing healthy foods. That is why most of them consume fast foods that have been associated with different health complications including obesity, high blood pressure among others. Therefore, when they reach old age, they are weak and can easily be affected by little stressful moments. Secondly, lack of knowledge affects people’s way of life. With the lack of the knowledge of the consequences of eating unhealthy food causes detrimental harm to people (Bonder & Haas, 2009). Youth struggle and become workaholic. They have little time to take part in physical exercise. Therefore, during their old age, they become weak and are easily affected by different health conditions. The most common challenge is the issue of health to the elderly. Studies have documented that around 70 percent of the elderly have different health problems (Sirven & Malamut, 2008). Very few of this number have knowledge on how they can mitigate these challenges. Even those that do have, their health condition are worse and may not be able to carry out some physical activities that would help them overcome some

Work-based learning (at a Law ftrm) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Work-based learning (at a Law ftrm) - Essay Example Work based learning merits intending candidates to maintain a set of evidence that demonstrates that a professional can meet the standard requirement of learning outcome. They are assisted by seniors who called upon intermittently during the WBL period. Work based learning is categorized as an important phase in the transition of students from educational work as professionals in practical workplaces. It is stated by Fink, et al, (2007) that work based learning trains the students to transit successfully from school to work1. They further elaborate work based as: â€Å"Work-Based Learning is an approach which focuses upon the practical utility of learning and is therefore directly relevant to learners and their work environment. A WBL approach to learning acknowledges that learning can take place in a variety of situations and settings, and is not restricted to that developed through the classroom or lecture theatre.†2 It means that work based learning is a tool that is employ ed for training students to become qualified professionals. They have pre-utilized the skill of working in a professional based environment and are ready to handle different situations in any workplace. Knowledge, work and learning, all come together when a student is allowed to learn through work based learning approach. ... ifferent as compared to working of employees as it is said, â€Å"Work-based learning needs to be distinguished from work place learning, that form of learning that occurs on a day-to-day basis at work as employees acquire new skills to develop new approaches to solving problems. No formal education recognition normally accrues to such learning, whether or not it is organised systematically.†4 Word based learning for students is a sort of education that students obtain while being at work. They gain practical knowledge that they can implement while being in a professional environment after completion of their academic qualifications. Work based learning accommodates the students to understand working procedures while gaining their education. The universities and organizations together have formed learning experiences for students with the support of work based learning as described under: â€Å"Work-based learning is the term being used to describe a class of university progr ammes that bring together universities and work organizations to create new learning opportunities in workplaces†.5 In my point of view, work based learning is quite crucial in academic life as it facilitates the students to have an idea of the workplace which they wish or are going to work in their future. In addition, working at the workplace is accommodate in facilitating the learners with knowledge as Stephen Billet says, â€Å"as individuals engage in social practices, such as work, they engage in an ongoing process of knowledge construction and refinement.†6 I have been working at Trinity Solicitors LLP since my second year of University. My intention was to have a couple of weeks work experience, after which I was offered to stay longer if I desired to. Of course since then I have been going to

Managing and leading people 01 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing and leading people 01 - Essay Example Based on some critical research findings related to culture, this report intends to focus mainly on its implications on labour legislation, human resource management (HRM), leadership and people management, cross-border negotiations, knowledge management etc and any other issues that might get noticed during literature study. Finally, conclusions will be drawn based on key findings and applicable recommendations will be made if required. Impact of culture on industry and economics has been established through numerous research and studies throughout the world; the main study that stands out in this sphere is that conducted by Hofstede (1980) whose pioneering work in this sphere has opened up new ways to approach business and management in the international contexts. These studies revealed that national culture has an impact on social norms, which in turn influence work-related values of individuals; and that national culture influences the corporate culture through the kind of policies, practices and procedures followed in the organisation. Values of business owners get translated into practices for employee management. Hofstede’s work identified five dimensions of national culture that get translated into, or influence, management practices. These include power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism-collectivism, masculinity-feminity, and time orientation (French et al., 2011). Following Hofstede, ma ny other studies on culture and its impact on management have been conducted with significant findings. Trompenaars and Turner (1993) identified seven dimensions; and Hall’s (1989) work identified aspects of communication that could have different meanings in different cultures. The project GLOBE by House et al., (1997) is yet another groundbreaking work to determine impact of culture on various management aspects (Steers, Sanchez- Runde & Nardon,

Testing Registry Cleaner for Windows

Testing Registry Cleaner for Windows Abstract Registry is a collection of database that stores configuration setting in Microsoft windows operating system. Each Registry item is accessed by navigating through a designated path of keys and sub-keys. (Wang et al. 2004). As Windows operating system needs to keep track of all changes to configuration of program that run on the computer. Windows registry is the tool as database that stores all information about programs and is controlled by window operating system. The function of windows registry include as a tool to store all data from programs, store program setting include security setting, store setting for OS configuration and hardware devices. The Windows Registry can be accessed using Registry Editor Program. The registry contains two elements: keys and values. Making changes to these values or keys using editor will affect the setting of a particular value control. This paper is to test a registry cleaner to help enhance the pc performance. The test is done by testing by ins talls registry cleaner into a few pc and record the test data. We also review related journal and conduct survey in order to gather related detail. After that we summarized the data from the data we collected. Keywords Registry, Windows operating system, Registry Editor Program 1. Introduction New computer systems are always running fast, but as time increases the computer system speed will gradually become slower. When a computer becomes gradually saturated, the computer system speed becomes slower as well inconspicuously(Zhu Chen 2009). This will create trouble to the users. Nowadays there are about 1 billion of computer users in the world. In another word, nearly every of them will face the computer degradation problem. Most of the user will try a few ways to improve the efficient of pc and one of the ways is by using registry cleaner. Some of the user will also think that registry cleaner is able to remove viruses in the windows registry. The aim of this study is to study the effective of registry cleaner to help improve efficient of the pc and to test that is registry really able to remove virus in the window registry. The comment of user about registry cleaner is also been collected through the survey. 2. Material and Method This research is done by using quantitative method and qualitative method. Quantitative method, survey is been use to collect the comment and opinion of the computer user about registry cleaner. Qualitative method, experiment is done by using a few pc and installs a few registries cleaner in each pc. Then the data is collected when running the registry clean. Every data collect in the survey and experiment then is been summarized. This research uses questionnaire survey to collect users’ opinions and satisfaction levels of using registry cleaner application based on the nominal scare and 5-point Likert scales. We need to determine the awareness of respondents about the registry cleaner application, which function of registry cleaner application that bring the most benefits to respondents and what problem(s) will be encounter when using registry cleaner application. This experiment is done by using one pc for scanning and cleans the errors; three pc is use when trying use the registry cleaner to clean the virus. For scanning and clean errors, one pc is installed with a few registries cleaner then start the experiment follows the step:- Step 1: scan the registry error using the registry clean, at the same time record the time it needed to scan Step 2: After scan, backup the registry error found (record how many errors found) then clean it Step 3: Run scan again and record how many leftover error found Step 4: Recover back the entire cleaned registry and use another registry cleaner than needed to be test then start from Step 1. For the clean virus test, virus is been create and put in the window registry. Then uses the registry try to clean the virus. The result is then recorded. 3. Result and Discussion Table 1: Compare between genders with their awareness about PC degrading overtime. Noticed PC degrade overtime No noticed PC degraded overtime Gender Yes No Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage Male 15 100% 0 0% Female 11 73% 4 27% Overall Total 26 87% 4 13% The above Table 1 has shown that the male and female with their awareness about the pc degrading overtime. With the table above, we compute that 87% of respondents aware that their pc are degrading overtime and only 13% of people didn’t notice that their pc are degrade overtime. With the percentage, respondents aware that their pc are degrading overtime, male (58%) are slightly higher than female (42%). With this table, we can know that male have more concern with their pc speed rather than female. Figure 1: Shown the purposes of respondents using registry cleaner application Figure 2: Shown the reasons of respondents using registry cleaner application With the table 4 shown at above, we can know that most of the respondents are using it for the purpose of increase their pc performance speed. 31% of people use registry cleaner to improve PC performance, 23% of respondents uses it to clear redundant data in registry, 23% of respondents use it to fix corrupted data in registry and 19% of respondent use it to clear viruses hide in registry. Based on table 5, reasons of respondents using registry cleaner mostly is because they need to improve their pc performance. With the percentage shown in table 5, they faced problems with their new pc is fairly new but performance already low is the main reason and the time required to start up their pc is the second reason make them want to use registry cleaner. Respondents that encounter low performance with their new PC took 33% of overall, startup time quite long took 32%, and pc crashes without reason took 23%. However low performance and startup time long took the highest percentage as overal l, we also cannot neglect that pc crashes is also a reason that respondents want to use registry cleaner. In table 4, one of the purposes is using registry cleaner to fix corrupted data. It took 23% as overall of purposes respondent to use registry cleaner. Figure 3: shown the satisfactory of respondents in using registry cleaner to improve their pc performance. With the table 6 shown above, 40% of people agree that registry cleaner able to improve the pc performance, 20% of respondents totally agree with it, and 17% of people not sure with the performance of registry cleaner and only 23% of people not satisfied with the registry cleaner application. Hence, we can conclude that most of the people believe that the registry cleaner are able to improve pc performance. Figure 4: shown the satisfaction of respondents in using registry cleaner to reduce occurrences of crashes. With the table 7 shown above, 40% of people agree that registry cleaner able to reduce the occurrences of crashes, 7% of respondents totally agree with it and 33% of people not sure with the function of registry cleaner and only 20% of people not satisfied with the registry cleaner application. Hence, we can conclude that most of the people are agree with register cleaner application able to resolve problem of crashes. Figure 5: Shown the satisfaction of respondents in using registry cleaner to fix corrupted data. With the table 8 shown above, respondents are not sure that registry cleaner application able to fix their corrupted data in their registry. It may because the output of the function cannot clearly be determined. It cannot be evaluate due to the errors occur inside the registry may not affect the pc performance sometimes. Hence, most of the respondents are not sure with it. Table 2: Experiment (effectiveness of registry cleaner) CC Cleaner Wise Cleaner JetClean Auslogic AML Scan time 9 seconds 49 seconds 32 seconds 22 seconds 2 minute 6 seconds Number of error (first) 114 489 3532 896 3205 Number of error (second) 0 12 11 2 3 Remove virus Fail to remove virus Fail to remove virus Fail to remove virus Fail to remove virus Fail to remove virus When we do the experiment, we never meet any problem occur after using the registry cleaner to clean the registry but it also more safe to backup the registry before clean it as the registry cleaner may clean up some registry and create errors. Base on Table 1, we can see that CC cleaner has the fastest speed when scanning but in only can detect very less errors in the registry. From this table we can say that JetClean is the most effective even it is slower when compare to CC Cleaner and Auslogic Registry Cleaner but it is able to detect the most errors. And from Table 1 it also tells us that registry cleaner is not able to remove the virus that already in the window registry. The reason that registry cleaners won’t clean up viruses is that although they are harmful, registry cleaning software isn’t written to be able to recognize viruses, so they can look like innocent, important software to the program. (Brimmer, 2013) From the survey and experiment, we can conclude that most registry cleaner user use register cleaner in order to improve their pc performance without knowing how register clean actually help improve their pc performance. Some of the registry cleaner like CC Cleaner may have other feature like option to enable and disable program at startup and clean some junk file in the computer that help in pc performance but sometime using registry cleaner to clean the registry may lead to error. Registry cleaners scan your registry for these outdated entries and offer to remove them. Because there are so many registry entries to go through, they’ll sometimes also remove useful registry entries, causing you problems. (Hoffman, 2012) 4. Conclusions Nowadays there are many registries cleaner in the market. Different registry cleaner may have different feature and different way of clean the registry. User can use the feature provided by the registry cleaner to improve their pc performance like control the startup program to help in the pc speed (Window startup speed). But for cleaning registry, they have to choose the right cleaner as some cleaner maybe remove some useful registry and cause problem to the user. It is better to backup the registry before running the registry clean as we do not know which program may be affected after the clean. Cleaning registry will only improve the pc significantly and it is most probably user will not see the effect after clean the registry. 5. Acknowledgements This work is support and guide by Mr. Teh Boon Chuan 6. References Brimmer, M., 2013. downloadregistrycleaner. [Online] Available at: http://www.downloadregistrycleaner.com/are-registry-cleaners-and-anti-virus-programs-similar/ [Accessed 15 3 2013]. Hoffman, C., 2012. makeuseof. [Online] Available at: http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/registry-cleaner-difference/ [Accessed 15 3 2014]. Zhu, L. Chen, M., 2009. How to Deal With Speed Degradation in Computers of Today and What Causes It. Wang, Y. et al., 2004. Why PCs Are Fragile and What We Can Do About Ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¯: A Study of Windows Registry Problems Archana Ganapathi One Microsoft Way Why PCs Are Fragile and What We Can Do About Ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¯: A Study of Windows Registry Problems University of California. , (June).

Great Expectations: Use of Irony :: free essay writer

Great Expectations: Use of Irony Many professors, analysts, and common readers believe that Great Expectations was possibly the best work of Charles Dickens. Perhaps it was because of the diverse themes displayed by Dickens, which modulate as the story progresses. A clear example of the measures taken by the author to create diversity, is the application of irony. Dickens uses Rony to create suspense and conflict in plot events related to Estella, Miss Havisham, the convict, Joe, and Mrs. Joe. The relationship between Pip and Estella is very complex and ironic. It keeps the reader entertained, with the humor of sophisticated children. A major irony, of situation, occurs when Estella kisses Pip after insulting and degrading him. The reader becomes confused with Estella's actions and feels sympathy for Pip. The confusion causes conflict, which keeps the reader on the edge of their seat. On page 104 Estella says, "Come here! You may kiss me, if you like." This is something unexpected, which livens up the story. Dickens portrays Miss Havisham in a very unique way. There is a dramatic irony between Miss Havisham and Pip. It is ironic how she wanted to watch him become miserable, just because he is of the male gender, and ironically she grew to like him. She even paid for part of Pip's expenses for the partnership. Yet what is more ironic is that Miss Havisham does not praise herself for the good deed. In the beginning of the novel, Miss Havisham displayed a harsh, cold attitude toward Pip. This is displayed in her deceptive act on page 69, where she says, "Well, you can break his heart?" As the novel ends Miss Havisham's attitude completely changes. She realizes the pain she has caused Pip and apologizes to him. Because of her positive change, she becomes more likeable to the audience. A third person to have an odd effect on Pip is the convict. One of the greatest examples of irony is brought out, in the sudden confrontation between Pip and the convict. On page 12, the convict speaks to Pip, " Get me a file." Pip listens to the convict and brings him food and a file. It is ironic how a simple task such as this, changed Pip's life forever. Pip obeyed the man, and later in life the man repaid him. It is ironic how the convict takes from Pip, then later gives back. Great Expectations: Use of Irony :: free essay writer Great Expectations: Use of Irony Many professors, analysts, and common readers believe that Great Expectations was possibly the best work of Charles Dickens. Perhaps it was because of the diverse themes displayed by Dickens, which modulate as the story progresses. A clear example of the measures taken by the author to create diversity, is the application of irony. Dickens uses Rony to create suspense and conflict in plot events related to Estella, Miss Havisham, the convict, Joe, and Mrs. Joe. The relationship between Pip and Estella is very complex and ironic. It keeps the reader entertained, with the humor of sophisticated children. A major irony, of situation, occurs when Estella kisses Pip after insulting and degrading him. The reader becomes confused with Estella's actions and feels sympathy for Pip. The confusion causes conflict, which keeps the reader on the edge of their seat. On page 104 Estella says, "Come here! You may kiss me, if you like." This is something unexpected, which livens up the story. Dickens portrays Miss Havisham in a very unique way. There is a dramatic irony between Miss Havisham and Pip. It is ironic how she wanted to watch him become miserable, just because he is of the male gender, and ironically she grew to like him. She even paid for part of Pip's expenses for the partnership. Yet what is more ironic is that Miss Havisham does not praise herself for the good deed. In the beginning of the novel, Miss Havisham displayed a harsh, cold attitude toward Pip. This is displayed in her deceptive act on page 69, where she says, "Well, you can break his heart?" As the novel ends Miss Havisham's attitude completely changes. She realizes the pain she has caused Pip and apologizes to him. Because of her positive change, she becomes more likeable to the audience. A third person to have an odd effect on Pip is the convict. One of the greatest examples of irony is brought out, in the sudden confrontation between Pip and the convict. On page 12, the convict speaks to Pip, " Get me a file." Pip listens to the convict and brings him food and a file. It is ironic how a simple task such as this, changed Pip's life forever. Pip obeyed the man, and later in life the man repaid him. It is ironic how the convict takes from Pip, then later gives back.